PART I: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE PRINCIPLES
1. Sustainability, Engineering, and Design.
Introduction. Human Development Index. Sustainable Development and Social Ethics. Sustainable International Development and the Essential Needs of People. Engineering and Developing Communities. Definitions of Sustainability. Populations and Consumption. Technical Approaches to Quantifying Sustainability. Productivity, Consumption, and the Ecological Footprint. The Difficulty of Environmental Valuation. Summary. Problems.
2. Analyzing Sustainability Using Engineering Science.
Introduction. Elemental Analysis. Solubility and Henry’s Law Constant. The Ideal Gas Law. Chemistry of Natural Systems. Equilibrium Models for Estimating Environmental Impacts. Environmental Fate and Partitioning of Chemicals. Summary. Problems.
3. Biogeochemical Cycles.
Introduction. Energy and Material Flows in Ecosystems. Biogeochemical Cycles. The Hydrologic Cycle. Watersheds and Runoff. Water Budget. Nutrient Cycles. Summary. Problems.
4. Material Flow and Processes in Engineering.
Introduction. Material Balances with a Single Reaction. Material Balances with Multiple Materials. Material Balances with Reactors. Defining the Order of Reactions. Half-Life and Doubling Time. Consecutive Reactions. Reactors and Material Flow. Reactor Models. Summary. Problems.
5. Natural Resources, Materials, and Sustainability.
Introduction. Sustainability and Natural Resources. The Nature of Natural Resources. From Natural Resources to Engineered Materials. Sustainability and the Linear Materials Economy. Waste Management and Material Life Cycles. Summary. Problems.
6. Hazardous Substances and Risk Assessment.
Introduction. Understanding Hazard and Risk. Legal Frameworks for Managing Hazardous Substances. Risk Assessment. Hazardous Waste. Radioactive Waste Management. Summary. Problems.
PART II: ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SUSTAINABLE PROCESSES
7. Water Quality Impacts.
Introduction. The Water Crisis. Water Quality Parameters. Modeling the Impacts of Water Pollutants. Water Treatment Technologies. Summary. Problems.
8. Wastewater Treatment.
Introduction. Wastewater Treatment. Preliminary and Primary Treatment. Secondary Treatment. Nutrient Removal. Tertiary Treatment. Sludge Treatment and Disposal. Water Recycling and Reuse. Summary. Problems.
9. Impacts on Air Quality.
Introduction. Air Quality History and Regulations. Health Effects of Air Pollutants. Estimating Emissions of Air Pollutants. Dispersion of Air Pollutants. Air Pollutants from Combustion Processes. Air Pollution Control Technologies. Global Impacts of Air Pollutants. Summary. Problems.
10. The Carbon Cycle and Energy Balances.
Introduction. Climate Science History. Carbon Sources and Emissions. The Carbon Cycle, Carbon Flow Pathways, and Repositories. Global Energy Balance. Global Energy Balance and Surface Temperature Model. Greenhouse Gases and Effects. Climate Change Projections and Impacts. Carbon Dioxide Mitigation, Capture, and Storage. Summary. Problems.
11. Energy Conservation, Development, and Decarbonization.
Introduction. The Challenge of Decarbonization. Energy and Natural Resources. Carbon Footprinting and Embodied Energy. Decarbonization through Energy Conservation. Decarbonization through Low- and No-Carbon Resources. Decarbonization through Electrification. The Water–Energy–Food Nexus. Summary. Problems.
PART III: DESIGNING RESILIENT AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS
12. Designing for Sustainability.
Introduction. Sustainable Design in Context. Sustainable Design Philosophies. Ecological Approaches to Design in Practice. Chemistry, Carbon, and Circularity in Practice. Green Engineering and Green Chemistry in Practice. Product Design Strategies. Designing for Value Recovery. Designing for Process and System Sustainability. People-Centered Design. Summary. Problems.
13. Industrial Ecology.
Introduction. Industrial Metabolism. Eco-Industrial Parks (Industrial Symbiosis). Materials Flow Analysis (MFA). Embodied Energy. Summary. Problems.
14. Life Cycle Analysis.
Introduction. Life Cycle Thinking. Life Cycle Assessment Framework. Impact Categories. Impact Assessment. Human Toxicity and Risk Analysis in LCA. Summary. Problems.
15. Assessing Alternatives.
Introduction. Alternatives Assessment. Elements of AA. Alternatives Assessment Example: Biofouling in Washington. Uses of AA. Business Uses of AA. Resources. Summary. Problems.
16. Sustainability and the Built Environment.
Introduction. Land-Use and Land-Cover Change. Land-Use Planning and Its Role in Sustainable Development. Environmentally Sensitive Design. Green Building. Energy Use and Buildings. Summary. Problems.
17. Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainability in Practice.
Introduction. The Diffusion and Adoption of Innovations. The Economics of Sustainability. The Role of Government. Social Justice and Sustainability in Wealthy Countries. Summary. Problems.
APPENDIX A: CONVERSION FACTORS.
APPENDIX B: EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA.
APPENDIX C: SUSTAINABILTY INDICATORS.
APPENDIX D: CARBON SOURCES AND EQUIVALENCE.
APPENDIX E: WATER FOOTPRINTS OF PRODUCTS.
APPENDIX F: EXPOSURE FACTORS FOR RISK ASSESSMENT.
APPENDIX G: BENCHMARK USED IN CONSERVATION PLANNING.
GLOSSARY.
INDEX.
